I’m going to muzzle your pet, and I don’t feel bad about it: You shouldn’t either

As a veterinarian I get to experience the whole gamut of animal behavior throughout each day. I may start the day with a cute new puppy that has never been to the vet and only wants to play. Later that same day, I may get an adult dog that hasn’t been to a veterinarian since …

What are antibodies and how reliable are their tests?

In the microscopic world, cells communicate with one another using proteins and carbohydrates on their surfaces. Each one of these can broadly be referred to as an antigen. Antigens exist on the surface of our own cells and pathogens (disease causing agents) like: viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Antigens are how cells interact with one another …